Another group in Brazil reached similar conclusions 2. Her group concluded 1 that this large infection rate meant that the number of people who were still vulnerable to the virus was too small to sustain new outbreaks - a phenomenon called herd immunity. “We show that the number of people who got infected was really high - reaching 66% by the end of the first wave,” Sabino says. Immunologist Ester Sabino at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, and her colleagues tested more than 6,000 samples from blood banks in Manaus for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. In September, two groups of researchers posted preprints suggesting that Manaus’s late-summer slowdown in COVID-19 cases had happened, at least in part, because a large proportion of the community’s population had already been exposed to the virus and was now immune. Despite relaxing social-distancing requirements in early June, the city of 2 million people had reduced its number of excess deaths from around 120 per day to nearly zero. Hospitals were overwhelmed and the city was digging new grave sites in the surrounding forest. In May, the Brazilian city of Manaus was devastated by a large outbreak of COVID-19. A New Jersey campaign rally for US President Donald Trump, who has espoused herd immunity as a strategy to deal with the pandemic.
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